• In addition AMPK reduces protein

  2023-04-25

  

  In addition, AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates apoptotic and autophagic pathways through the inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates cellular metabolic homeostasis, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, autophagy and apoptosis (Maiese, 2016). mTOR is th

• br Polymorphic variation ERAP is polymorphic and several sin

  2023-04-25

  

  Polymorphic variation ERAP1 is polymorphic and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its gene that encode amino zj to j changes have been associated with predisposition to a variety of diseases, ranging from viral infections to cancer and autoimmunity (Alvarez-Navarro and Lopez de Ca

• This development notwithstanding the chemotherapeutic

  2023-04-25

  

  This development notwithstanding, the chemotherapeutic treatment for leukemia has stagnated over the last 40 years [35]. Main treatment options necessitate aggressive chemotherapy to target leukemic cells [36], [37], [38], [39]. Several limitations of current treatment options include the use of ant

• Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical tools used

  2023-04-25

  

  Spectroscopic techniques are powerful biophysical tools used in the study of biomolecular structures, including those of proteins. UV–Vis glycerol phosphate spectroscopy makes use of absorption property of the protein peptide backbone at around 218 nm, and aromatic amino acid residues primarily at a

• It has been largely demonstrated

  2023-04-25

  

  It has been largely demonstrated that several clinico-pathological factors influence ovarian cancer patients' prognosis, including residual tumor at primary cytoreductive surgery, FIGO stage, tumor grading, cancer histology and performance status [3,4]. Nevertheless, the recent awareness achieved in

• hexokinase inhibitor br Parkinson s Disease and the immune s

  2023-04-25

  

  Parkinson’s Disease and the immune system Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, after Alzheimer’s, which affects 10 million people globally and is characterized by rigidity, bradykinesia, tremors, and gait instability (O’sullivan et al., 2007). The patholo

• APN accounts for of total plasma

  2023-04-25

  

  APN accounts for 0.01% of total plasma proteins in humans; this proportion increases with age to a small extent (Barb et al., 2007). Normal APN levels in the circulation range 3–30μg/mL (Aprahamian and Sam, 2011). APN levels are lower in men than women due to the presence of testosterone and even mo

• In the presence of detrimental conditions such as

  2023-04-25

  

  In the presence of detrimental conditions, such as inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia trauma or neoplastic milieu, the extracellular levels of adenosine increase massively, reaching micromolar range [51,52]. In these pathological contexts, adenosine accumulation stems from increased extracellular depho

• br lipoxygenase pathway in brain aging and alzheimer

  2023-04-25

  

  5-lipoxygenase pathway in Annexin V-Cy5 Apoptosis Kit aging and alzheimer’s disease 5LO is found throughout the central nervous system, in both neuron and glia cells (Farias et al., 2007). However, its expression levels are highest in the cortex and hippocampus areas, two regions that are partic

• br Materials and Methods br Author Contributions br Conflict

  2023-04-25

  

  Materials and Methods Author Contributions Conflicts of Interest Acknowledgments This study was funded by the NIH Common Fund (UH2TR000943) through the Office of Strategic Coordination/Office of the NIH Director, an NCI/NIH grant (1R21CA199050), the MD Anderson Cancer Center support gran

• br Autophagy in the central nervous system The autophagic

  2023-04-25

  

  Autophagy in the central nervous system The autophagic process appears to be very important for the cells of the central nervous system, as it allows to maintain the functional integrity of the nervous tissue. Indeed macroautophagy is involved in the regulation of homeostasis of the CNS, playing

• However joint reviews and the consensus from experts

  2023-04-21

  

  However, joint reviews and the consensus from experts offer disparate recommendations with regard to their management in the context of anesthesia, whereas some reviews [6], [7] set out certain doubts regarding their use during the perioperative period. On the other hand, the guidelines for the mana

• Some of the mechanisms that involve LOX as a potential

  2023-04-21

  

  Some of the mechanisms that involve 12-LOX as a potential pathogenic enzyme are illustrated in Fig. 2. Direct β cell effects associated with the stimulation of 12-LOX activity include the activation of second messengers c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK, both of which show increased phosphorylati

• Ozone induced innate inflammatory responses

  2023-04-21

  

  Ozone-induced innate inflammatory responses in the lung involve neutrophil extravasation through enhanced trans-endothelial migration (Krishna et al., 1997). Catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which are increased by ozone inhalation (Bass et al., 2013, Miller et al., 2015, Miller et al., 2016a, Mil

• In this study high concentrations mM of thuringiensin were r

  2023-04-21

  

  In this study, high concentrations (0.5–4 mM) of thuringiensin were required to stimulate the basal adenylate cyclase activity Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, but low concentrations of thuringiensin (1–100 μM) were sufficient to inhibit the forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in rat cerebral cor

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